Nehru Dynasty: built a modern secular state, total of 3 Prime Ministers, 1947-
Mohandas Gandhi: father of the nation, satyagraha, killed by Hindu extremists when he was protesting violence against Muslims.
Federal System: powers divided from strong central to small states, 83 provinces, 15 national languages, 35 regional languages.
Rajiv Gandhi: grandson of Jawa, served as Prime Minister of India
Indira Gandhi: daughter of Jawa Nehru, became Prime Minister, handled the Golden Temple uprising, killed by her own Sikh body guards.
Jawa Nehru: 1947-1964 Prime Minister of India, worked to build a modern secular state, dedicated to social justice.
Green Revolution: sought to make agriculture self sufficient,
Mother Theresa: Roman Catholic nun, helped the poor in Calcutta, missionaries of charity.
Harijans: children of god, term used by Gandhi for the untouchables.
Kashmir: Himalayan land, Muslims and Hindu fight over it, almost war.
BJP: Hindu fundamentalist party, called for a government based on Hindu principles, 1990 had the most seats in parliament, 2002 accused of backing attacks against Muslims.
Zulfikar ali Bhutto: civilian president of Pakistan, overthrown, tried and executed by the military.
Benazir Bhutto: daughter of Zulfikar ali Bhutto, served as Prime Minister, and ousted from power both times, was assassinated last year.
General Musharraf: he dismissed the elected government of Pakistan, suspended the
constitution, 9/11 led to a policy change, received American support by aiding U.S. fight.
World Bank/IMF Debt Service: Pakistan can only generate enough funds to pay the growing interest on their loans.
Palestine: Refugees, 1947 Arab State, Arab-Israeli War 1948
Balfour Declaration: created in 1917 by Britain, pledged support for a Jewish Nation State in Palestine.
1948 Israel Proclaimed: British withdrew and Israel declared itself a nation, U.S. and U.S.S.R. recognized the state, Arab states attack.
kibbutzim: collective farms of Israel.
Zionists: Jewish people that wanted to create Israel.
MPDG: was originally authoritative state, created a multiparty democratic government, failed to address the needs of Palestinian minority.
Ataturk: 1920’s campaign to make Turkey a modern secular state, tried to join NATO.
Kurds: minority group in Turkey, forbidden to speak/publish/broadcast, restrictions have lightened and it is now legal to share information in Kurdish.
Cyprus: island in the E. Mediterranean, Turkish and Greek communities are in conflict over it.
Bosporus: key waterway, links Black Sea to the Mediterranean, Turkey controlled, Soviet importance.
Sharia Law: Islamic Reformers have been elected to government positions in the 2000’s, but have agreed to follow the secular constitution.
Nasser: military officer who rose to power in the 1950’s, set out to modernize Egypt and end Western domination.
Suez Canal: 1956 Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal and ended British/French control
Anwar Sadat
-1970: Egypt opened to foreign investment/privatization
-1979: Peace treaty with Israel, first Arab leader to make peace with Israel
-1981: assassination, Islamic Extremists
Mubarrak: took power after Sadat was killed, reaffirmed peace with Israel
Aswan High Dam: Upper Nile, Nasser with Soviet help, huge reservoir, gave acres of farmland, increased salinity, eroded the delta, destroyed fish hatcheries, and flooded old temple grounds.
Islamic Reformers: Egyptian government’s failure is denounced, modeled their change off of Islamic solutions, set up schools, offered social services, extremists turned to terrorists attacks.
Nile Valley: the most important waterway in Egypt for both transportation and agriculture.
Arab-Israeli Wars: Israel is recognized as a nation 1948, Arab nations attack and are defeated. Egypt has peace treaties with Israel, and is the only Arab nation that does.
Persian Shiites
Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi: U.S. placed and supported his power in Iran, gave women rights, pushed for modernization, built infrastructure and redistributed land, was deposed during the Islamic revolution 1979.
Muhammad Mosaddiq: Iran, tried to nationalize oil in order to limit foreign control, United States put the Shah in Mosaddiq’s place in order to control oil. Mosaddiq expelled.
Ayatollah Khomeini: exiled from Iran by the Shah, returned in 1979 and drives the Shah out, sets up a Theocratic Republic, replaced the secular courts, removed women’s rights, violently suppressed opposition, was engaged in a war with Iraq in 1980, died in 1989.
Axis of Evil: U.S. lumped Iran together with North Korea and Iraq, hurting relationship with the West.
Nuclear Tests: 1974 India tests, 1998 Pakistan tests, raises tensions.
Tuesday, May 19, 2009
7th Grade 35.1 to 35.3 terms defined
Nehru Dynasty: built a modern secular state, total of 3 Prime Ministers, 1947-
Mohandas Gandhi: father of the nation, satyagraha, killed by Hindu extremists when he was protesting violence against Muslims.
Federal System: powers divided from strong central to small states, 83 provinces, 15 national languages, 35 regional languages.
Rajiv Gandhi: grandson of Jawa, served as Prime Minister of India
Indira Gandhi: daughter of Jawa Nehru, became Prime Minister, handled the Golden Temple uprising, killed by her own Sikh body guards.
Jawa Nehru: 1947-1964 Prime Minister of India, worked to build a modern secular state, dedicated to social justice.
Green Revolution: sought to make agriculture self sufficient,
Mother Theresa: Roman Catholic nun, helped the poor in Calcutta, missionaries of charity.
Harijans: children of god, term used by Gandhi for the untouchables.
Kashmir: Himalayan land, Muslims and Hindu fight over it, almost war.
BJP: Hindu fundamentalist party, called for a government based on Hindu principles, 1990 had the most seats in parliament, 2002 accused of backing attacks against Muslims.
Zulfikar ali Bhutto: civilian president of Pakistan, overthrown, tried and executed by the military.
Benazir Bhutto: daughter of Zulfikar ali Bhutto, served as Prime Minister, and ousted from power both times, was assassinated last year.
General Musharraf: he dismissed the elected government of Pakistan, suspended the
constitution, 9/11 led to a policy change, received American support by aiding U.S. fight.
World Bank/IMF Debt Service: Pakistan can only generate enough funds to pay the growing interest on their loans.
Palestine: Refugees, 1947 Arab State, Arab-Israeli War 1948
Balfour Declaration: created in 1917 by Britain, pledged support for a Jewish Nation State in Palestine.
1948 Israel Proclaimed: British withdrew and Israel declared itself a nation, U.S. and U.S.S.R. recognized the state, Arab states attack.
kibbutzim: collective farms of Israel.
Zionists: Jewish people that wanted to create Israel.
MPDG: was originally authoritative state, created a multiparty democratic government, failed to address the needs of Palestinian minority.
Ataturk: 1920’s campaign to make Turkey a modern secular state, tried to join NATO.
Kurds: minority group in Turkey, forbidden to speak/publish/broadcast, restrictions have lightened and it is now legal to share information in Kurdish.
Cyprus: island in the E. Mediterranean, Turkish and Greek communities are in conflict over it.
Bosporus: key waterway, links Black Sea to the Mediterranean, Turkey controlled, Soviet importance.
Sharia Law: Islamic Reformers have been elected to government positions in the 2000’s, but have agreed to follow the secular constitution.
Nasser: military officer who rose to power in the 1950’s, set out to modernize Egypt and end Western domination.
Suez Canal: 1956 Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal and ended British/French control
Anwar Sadat
-1970: Egypt opened to foreign investment/privatization
-1979: Peace treaty with Israel, first Arab leader to make peace with Israel
-1981: assassination, Islamic Extremists
Mubarrak: took power after Sadat was killed, reaffirmed peace with Israel
Aswan High Dam: Upper Nile, Nasser with Soviet help, huge reservoir, gave acres of farmland, increased salinity, eroded the delta, destroyed fish hatcheries, and flooded old temple grounds.
Islamic Reformers: Egyptian government’s failure is denounced, modeled their change off of Islamic solutions, set up schools, offered social services, extremists turned to terrorists attacks.
Nile Valley: the most important waterway in Egypt for both transportation and agriculture.
Arab-Israeli Wars: Israel is recognized as a nation 1948, Arab nations attack and are defeated. Egypt has peace treaties with Israel, and is the only Arab nation that does.
Persian Shiites
Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi: U.S. placed and supported his power in Iran, gave women rights, pushed for modernization, built infrastructure and redistributed land, was deposed during the Islamic revolution 1979.
Muhammad Mosaddiq: Iran, tried to nationalize oil in order to limit foreign control, United States put the Shah in Mosaddiq’s place in order to control oil. Mosaddiq expelled.
Ayatollah Khomeini: exiled from Iran by the Shah, returned in 1979 and drives the Shah out, sets up a Theocratic Republic, replaced the secular courts, removed women’s rights, violently suppressed opposition, was engaged in a war with Iraq in 1980, died in 1989.
Axis of Evil: U.S. lumped Iran together with North Korea and Iraq, hurting relationship with the West.
Nuclear Tests: 1974 India tests, 1998 Pakistan tests, raises tensions.
Mohandas Gandhi: father of the nation, satyagraha, killed by Hindu extremists when he was protesting violence against Muslims.
Federal System: powers divided from strong central to small states, 83 provinces, 15 national languages, 35 regional languages.
Rajiv Gandhi: grandson of Jawa, served as Prime Minister of India
Indira Gandhi: daughter of Jawa Nehru, became Prime Minister, handled the Golden Temple uprising, killed by her own Sikh body guards.
Jawa Nehru: 1947-1964 Prime Minister of India, worked to build a modern secular state, dedicated to social justice.
Green Revolution: sought to make agriculture self sufficient,
Mother Theresa: Roman Catholic nun, helped the poor in Calcutta, missionaries of charity.
Harijans: children of god, term used by Gandhi for the untouchables.
Kashmir: Himalayan land, Muslims and Hindu fight over it, almost war.
BJP: Hindu fundamentalist party, called for a government based on Hindu principles, 1990 had the most seats in parliament, 2002 accused of backing attacks against Muslims.
Zulfikar ali Bhutto: civilian president of Pakistan, overthrown, tried and executed by the military.
Benazir Bhutto: daughter of Zulfikar ali Bhutto, served as Prime Minister, and ousted from power both times, was assassinated last year.
General Musharraf: he dismissed the elected government of Pakistan, suspended the
constitution, 9/11 led to a policy change, received American support by aiding U.S. fight.
World Bank/IMF Debt Service: Pakistan can only generate enough funds to pay the growing interest on their loans.
Palestine: Refugees, 1947 Arab State, Arab-Israeli War 1948
Balfour Declaration: created in 1917 by Britain, pledged support for a Jewish Nation State in Palestine.
1948 Israel Proclaimed: British withdrew and Israel declared itself a nation, U.S. and U.S.S.R. recognized the state, Arab states attack.
kibbutzim: collective farms of Israel.
Zionists: Jewish people that wanted to create Israel.
MPDG: was originally authoritative state, created a multiparty democratic government, failed to address the needs of Palestinian minority.
Ataturk: 1920’s campaign to make Turkey a modern secular state, tried to join NATO.
Kurds: minority group in Turkey, forbidden to speak/publish/broadcast, restrictions have lightened and it is now legal to share information in Kurdish.
Cyprus: island in the E. Mediterranean, Turkish and Greek communities are in conflict over it.
Bosporus: key waterway, links Black Sea to the Mediterranean, Turkey controlled, Soviet importance.
Sharia Law: Islamic Reformers have been elected to government positions in the 2000’s, but have agreed to follow the secular constitution.
Nasser: military officer who rose to power in the 1950’s, set out to modernize Egypt and end Western domination.
Suez Canal: 1956 Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal and ended British/French control
Anwar Sadat
-1970: Egypt opened to foreign investment/privatization
-1979: Peace treaty with Israel, first Arab leader to make peace with Israel
-1981: assassination, Islamic Extremists
Mubarrak: took power after Sadat was killed, reaffirmed peace with Israel
Aswan High Dam: Upper Nile, Nasser with Soviet help, huge reservoir, gave acres of farmland, increased salinity, eroded the delta, destroyed fish hatcheries, and flooded old temple grounds.
Islamic Reformers: Egyptian government’s failure is denounced, modeled their change off of Islamic solutions, set up schools, offered social services, extremists turned to terrorists attacks.
Nile Valley: the most important waterway in Egypt for both transportation and agriculture.
Arab-Israeli Wars: Israel is recognized as a nation 1948, Arab nations attack and are defeated. Egypt has peace treaties with Israel, and is the only Arab nation that does.
Persian Shiites
Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi: U.S. placed and supported his power in Iran, gave women rights, pushed for modernization, built infrastructure and redistributed land, was deposed during the Islamic revolution 1979.
Muhammad Mosaddiq: Iran, tried to nationalize oil in order to limit foreign control, United States put the Shah in Mosaddiq’s place in order to control oil. Mosaddiq expelled.
Ayatollah Khomeini: exiled from Iran by the Shah, returned in 1979 and drives the Shah out, sets up a Theocratic Republic, replaced the secular courts, removed women’s rights, violently suppressed opposition, was engaged in a war with Iraq in 1980, died in 1989.
Axis of Evil: U.S. lumped Iran together with North Korea and Iraq, hurting relationship with the West.
Nuclear Tests: 1974 India tests, 1998 Pakistan tests, raises tensions.
7th Grade 35.1 to 35.3 terms defined
Nehru Dynasty: built a modern secular state, total of 3 Prime Ministers, 1947-
Mohandas Gandhi: father of the nation, satyagraha, killed by Hindu extremists when he was protesting violence against Muslims.
Federal System: powers divided from strong central to small states, 83 provinces, 15 national languages, 35 regional languages.
Rajiv Gandhi: grandson of Jawa, served as Prime Minister of India
Indira Gandhi: daughter of Jawa Nehru, became Prime Minister, handled the Golden Temple uprising, killed by her own Sikh body guards.
Jawa Nehru: 1947-1964 Prime Minister of India, worked to build a modern secular state, dedicated to social justice.
Green Revolution: sought to make agriculture self sufficient,
Mother Theresa: Roman Catholic nun, helped the poor in Calcutta, missionaries of charity.
Harijans: children of god, term used by Gandhi for the untouchables.
Kashmir: Himalayan land, Muslims and Hindu fight over it, almost war.
BJP: Hindu fundamentalist party, called for a government based on Hindu principles, 1990 had the most seats in parliament, 2002 accused of backing attacks against Muslims.
Zulfikar ali Bhutto: civilian president of Pakistan, overthrown, tried and executed by the military.
Benazir Bhutto: daughter of Zulfikar ali Bhutto, served as Prime Minister, and ousted from power both times, was assassinated last year.
General Musharraf: he dismissed the elected government of Pakistan, suspended the
constitution, 9/11 led to a policy change, received American support by aiding U.S. fight.
World Bank/IMF Debt Service: Pakistan can only generate enough funds to pay the growing interest on their loans.
Palestine: Refugees, 1947 Arab State, Arab-Israeli War 1948
Balfour Declaration: created in 1917 by Britain, pledged support for a Jewish Nation State in Palestine.
1948 Israel Proclaimed: British withdrew and Israel declared itself a nation, U.S. and U.S.S.R. recognized the state, Arab states attack.
kibbutzim: collective farms of Israel.
Zionists: Jewish people that wanted to create Israel.
MPDG: was originally authoritative state, created a multiparty democratic government, failed to address the needs of Palestinian minority.
Ataturk: 1920’s campaign to make Turkey a modern secular state, tried to join NATO.
Kurds: minority group in Turkey, forbidden to speak/publish/broadcast, restrictions have lightened and it is now legal to share information in Kurdish.
Cyprus: island in the E. Mediterranean, Turkish and Greek communities are in conflict over it.
Bosporus: key waterway, links Black Sea to the Mediterranean, Turkey controlled, Soviet importance.
Sharia Law: Islamic Reformers have been elected to government positions in the 2000’s, but have agreed to follow the secular constitution.
Nasser: military officer who rose to power in the 1950’s, set out to modernize Egypt and end Western domination.
Suez Canal: 1956 Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal and ended British/French control
Anwar Sadat
-1970: Egypt opened to foreign investment/privatization
-1979: Peace treaty with Israel, first Arab leader to make peace with Israel
-1981: assassination, Islamic Extremists
Mubarrak: took power after Sadat was killed, reaffirmed peace with Israel
Aswan High Dam: Upper Nile, Nasser with Soviet help, huge reservoir, gave acres of farmland, increased salinity, eroded the delta, destroyed fish hatcheries, and flooded old temple grounds.
Islamic Reformers: Egyptian government’s failure is denounced, modeled their change off of Islamic solutions, set up schools, offered social services, extremists turned to terrorists attacks.
Nile Valley: the most important waterway in Egypt for both transportation and agriculture.
Arab-Israeli Wars: Israel is recognized as a nation 1948, Arab nations attack and are defeated. Egypt has peace treaties with Israel, and is the only Arab nation that does.
Persian Shiites
Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi: U.S. placed and supported his power in Iran, gave women rights, pushed for modernization, built infrastructure and redistributed land, was deposed during the Islamic revolution 1979.
Muhammad Mosaddiq: Iran, tried to nationalize oil in order to limit foreign control, United States put the Shah in Mosaddiq’s place in order to control oil. Mosaddiq expelled.
Ayatollah Khomeini: exiled from Iran by the Shah, returned in 1979 and drives the Shah out, sets up a Theocratic Republic, replaced the secular courts, removed women’s rights, violently suppressed opposition, was engaged in a war with Iraq in 1980, died in 1989.
Axis of Evil: U.S. lumped Iran together with North Korea and Iraq, hurting relationship with the West.
Nuclear Tests: 1974 India tests, 1998 Pakistan tests, raises tensions.
Mohandas Gandhi: father of the nation, satyagraha, killed by Hindu extremists when he was protesting violence against Muslims.
Federal System: powers divided from strong central to small states, 83 provinces, 15 national languages, 35 regional languages.
Rajiv Gandhi: grandson of Jawa, served as Prime Minister of India
Indira Gandhi: daughter of Jawa Nehru, became Prime Minister, handled the Golden Temple uprising, killed by her own Sikh body guards.
Jawa Nehru: 1947-1964 Prime Minister of India, worked to build a modern secular state, dedicated to social justice.
Green Revolution: sought to make agriculture self sufficient,
Mother Theresa: Roman Catholic nun, helped the poor in Calcutta, missionaries of charity.
Harijans: children of god, term used by Gandhi for the untouchables.
Kashmir: Himalayan land, Muslims and Hindu fight over it, almost war.
BJP: Hindu fundamentalist party, called for a government based on Hindu principles, 1990 had the most seats in parliament, 2002 accused of backing attacks against Muslims.
Zulfikar ali Bhutto: civilian president of Pakistan, overthrown, tried and executed by the military.
Benazir Bhutto: daughter of Zulfikar ali Bhutto, served as Prime Minister, and ousted from power both times, was assassinated last year.
General Musharraf: he dismissed the elected government of Pakistan, suspended the
constitution, 9/11 led to a policy change, received American support by aiding U.S. fight.
World Bank/IMF Debt Service: Pakistan can only generate enough funds to pay the growing interest on their loans.
Palestine: Refugees, 1947 Arab State, Arab-Israeli War 1948
Balfour Declaration: created in 1917 by Britain, pledged support for a Jewish Nation State in Palestine.
1948 Israel Proclaimed: British withdrew and Israel declared itself a nation, U.S. and U.S.S.R. recognized the state, Arab states attack.
kibbutzim: collective farms of Israel.
Zionists: Jewish people that wanted to create Israel.
MPDG: was originally authoritative state, created a multiparty democratic government, failed to address the needs of Palestinian minority.
Ataturk: 1920’s campaign to make Turkey a modern secular state, tried to join NATO.
Kurds: minority group in Turkey, forbidden to speak/publish/broadcast, restrictions have lightened and it is now legal to share information in Kurdish.
Cyprus: island in the E. Mediterranean, Turkish and Greek communities are in conflict over it.
Bosporus: key waterway, links Black Sea to the Mediterranean, Turkey controlled, Soviet importance.
Sharia Law: Islamic Reformers have been elected to government positions in the 2000’s, but have agreed to follow the secular constitution.
Nasser: military officer who rose to power in the 1950’s, set out to modernize Egypt and end Western domination.
Suez Canal: 1956 Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal and ended British/French control
Anwar Sadat
-1970: Egypt opened to foreign investment/privatization
-1979: Peace treaty with Israel, first Arab leader to make peace with Israel
-1981: assassination, Islamic Extremists
Mubarrak: took power after Sadat was killed, reaffirmed peace with Israel
Aswan High Dam: Upper Nile, Nasser with Soviet help, huge reservoir, gave acres of farmland, increased salinity, eroded the delta, destroyed fish hatcheries, and flooded old temple grounds.
Islamic Reformers: Egyptian government’s failure is denounced, modeled their change off of Islamic solutions, set up schools, offered social services, extremists turned to terrorists attacks.
Nile Valley: the most important waterway in Egypt for both transportation and agriculture.
Arab-Israeli Wars: Israel is recognized as a nation 1948, Arab nations attack and are defeated. Egypt has peace treaties with Israel, and is the only Arab nation that does.
Persian Shiites
Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi: U.S. placed and supported his power in Iran, gave women rights, pushed for modernization, built infrastructure and redistributed land, was deposed during the Islamic revolution 1979.
Muhammad Mosaddiq: Iran, tried to nationalize oil in order to limit foreign control, United States put the Shah in Mosaddiq’s place in order to control oil. Mosaddiq expelled.
Ayatollah Khomeini: exiled from Iran by the Shah, returned in 1979 and drives the Shah out, sets up a Theocratic Republic, replaced the secular courts, removed women’s rights, violently suppressed opposition, was engaged in a war with Iraq in 1980, died in 1989.
Axis of Evil: U.S. lumped Iran together with North Korea and Iraq, hurting relationship with the West.
Nuclear Tests: 1974 India tests, 1998 Pakistan tests, raises tensions.
Monday, May 18, 2009
7th Grade 35.1 to 35.3 terms
Nehru Dynasty
Mohandas Gandhi
Federal System
Rajiv Gandhi
Indira Gandhi
Jawa Nehru
Green Revolution
Mother Theresa
Harijans
Kashmir
BJP
Zulfikar ali Bhutto
Benazir Bhutto
General Musharraf
World Bank/IMF Debt Service
Bangladesh: E. Pakistan, living conditions
Sri Lanka: Tamils, revolutionaries
Palestine: Refugees, 1947 Arab State, Arab-Israeli War 1948
Balfour Declaration
1948 Israel Proclaimed
kibbutzim
Zionists
MPDG
Ataturk Dam
Kurds
Cyprus
Bosporus
Sharia Law
Nasser
Suez Canal
Anwar Sadat
-1970: foreign investment/privatization
-1979: Peace treaty with Israel
-1981: assassination
Mubarrak
Aswan High Dam
Islamic Reformers
Nile Valley
Arab-Israeli Wars
Persian Shiites
Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi
Muhammad Mosaddiq
Ayatollah Khomeini
Axis of Evil
Mohandas Gandhi
Federal System
Rajiv Gandhi
Indira Gandhi
Jawa Nehru
Green Revolution
Mother Theresa
Harijans
Kashmir
BJP
Zulfikar ali Bhutto
Benazir Bhutto
General Musharraf
World Bank/IMF Debt Service
Bangladesh: E. Pakistan, living conditions
Sri Lanka: Tamils, revolutionaries
Palestine: Refugees, 1947 Arab State, Arab-Israeli War 1948
Balfour Declaration
1948 Israel Proclaimed
kibbutzim
Zionists
MPDG
Ataturk Dam
Kurds
Cyprus
Bosporus
Sharia Law
Nasser
Suez Canal
Anwar Sadat
-1970: foreign investment/privatization
-1979: Peace treaty with Israel
-1981: assassination
Mubarrak
Aswan High Dam
Islamic Reformers
Nile Valley
Arab-Israeli Wars
Persian Shiites
Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi
Muhammad Mosaddiq
Ayatollah Khomeini
Axis of Evil
Thursday, May 14, 2009
6th Grade 24.1, 25.1, 24.2, and 25.2 terms
24.1
desert/beach/rift/mountains/plains
Mt. Kilimanjaro
Nile River/Blue Nile/White Nile
Lake Victoria/Hot Lakes/Lake Nakuru
farmers/herders/minerals
25.1
Atlantic Ocean
Congo Basin
volcanic mtns/Western Rift Valley
Lake Tanganyika
Lake Malawi
Congo/Zambezi Rivers
canopy
mammal list
savannah
copper belt
periodic markets
24.2
Meroe
Christianity
Arab Armies
Islam
slave trade/Zanzibar
Britain/Germany/Belgium/Italy
WWI
African Deputies
ethnic rivalries
independence years
Hutus/Tutsis
25.2
Bantu
Kongo
Ivory
Colonial Powers
Belgian Congo
Angola
Cold War
malaria
AIDS
dialects
Catholicism/Protestantism
Muslims
fufu
Makossa
soukous
arts/crafts
desert/beach/rift/mountains/plains
Mt. Kilimanjaro
Nile River/Blue Nile/White Nile
Lake Victoria/Hot Lakes/Lake Nakuru
farmers/herders/minerals
25.1
Atlantic Ocean
Congo Basin
volcanic mtns/Western Rift Valley
Lake Tanganyika
Lake Malawi
Congo/Zambezi Rivers
canopy
mammal list
savannah
copper belt
periodic markets
24.2
Meroe
Christianity
Arab Armies
Islam
slave trade/Zanzibar
Britain/Germany/Belgium/Italy
WWI
African Deputies
ethnic rivalries
independence years
Hutus/Tutsis
25.2
Bantu
Kongo
Ivory
Colonial Powers
Belgian Congo
Angola
Cold War
malaria
AIDS
dialects
Catholicism/Protestantism
Muslims
fufu
Makossa
soukous
arts/crafts
Wednesday, May 13, 2009
7th Grade 35.1 and 35.2
Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Muslim League
partition
Pakistan/India
1947 Migration
Mohandas Gandhi
Federal System
Nehru Dynasty
Jawaharlal Nehru
Indira Gandhi
Rajiv Gandhi
Sonia Gandhi
BJP
Punjab Region
Sikh Seperatists
Sri Lanka
Tamil
British Railroads
oil/natural gas
Green Revolution
Mother Theresa
harijans
SEWA
W/E Pakistans
Bengalis
Punjabis
Bangladesh
Zulfikas Ali Bhutto
Benazir Bhutto
General Musharraf
al-Qaida
deforestation/monsoons/land redistribution
nationalization
World Bank/IMF Debt Service
Don't live in Bangladesh:
*floodplain
*cyclones
*poverty
*unstable government
Cold War
Kashmir
Nuclear Tests: 1974, 1998
Afghani Civil War
Taliban
Osama Bin Laden
35.2
Middle East
Primary: Languages, Religions, Ethnicities
Kurds
Pan-Arab
Arab League
Economic Dependence on the West
Balfour Declarations
Palestine
United Nations
Israel
Arab-Israeli Wars
Kibbutzim
Palestinian Refugees
Authoritarian Governments
Hereditary Monarchy
Dictator
Multiparty Democratic Governments
OPEC
Oil-Rich Nations
Desalinization
Ataturk Dam
Tigres & Euphrates
water scarcity
socialism 1950's
privatization 1990's
Sharia Law
Westernization failure
Islamic Reform 1970's
*scientific rejection
*theocracy
*terrorism
Shah of Iran
Al-Qaida
hejab
women as sub-class.
Muslim League
partition
Pakistan/India
1947 Migration
Mohandas Gandhi
Federal System
Nehru Dynasty
Jawaharlal Nehru
Indira Gandhi
Rajiv Gandhi
Sonia Gandhi
BJP
Punjab Region
Sikh Seperatists
Sri Lanka
Tamil
British Railroads
oil/natural gas
Green Revolution
Mother Theresa
harijans
SEWA
W/E Pakistans
Bengalis
Punjabis
Bangladesh
Zulfikas Ali Bhutto
Benazir Bhutto
General Musharraf
al-Qaida
deforestation/monsoons/land redistribution
nationalization
World Bank/IMF Debt Service
Don't live in Bangladesh:
*floodplain
*cyclones
*poverty
*unstable government
Cold War
Kashmir
Nuclear Tests: 1974, 1998
Afghani Civil War
Taliban
Osama Bin Laden
35.2
Middle East
Primary: Languages, Religions, Ethnicities
Kurds
Pan-Arab
Arab League
Economic Dependence on the West
Balfour Declarations
Palestine
United Nations
Israel
Arab-Israeli Wars
Kibbutzim
Palestinian Refugees
Authoritarian Governments
Hereditary Monarchy
Dictator
Multiparty Democratic Governments
OPEC
Oil-Rich Nations
Desalinization
Ataturk Dam
Tigres & Euphrates
water scarcity
socialism 1950's
privatization 1990's
Sharia Law
Westernization failure
Islamic Reform 1970's
*scientific rejection
*theocracy
*terrorism
Shah of Iran
Al-Qaida
hejab
women as sub-class.
Monday, May 4, 2009
6th Grade East and Central Africa Government Information
Nation Gov Type Chief of State
Angola Republic Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS
Burundi Republic Pierre NKURUNZIZA
Cameroon Republic Paul BIYA
Central African Republic Republic Francois BOZIZE
Democratic Republic of the Congo Republic Joseph KABILA
Djibouti Republic Ismail Omar GUELLEH
Equatorial Guinea Republic Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO
Eritrea transitional gov ISAIAS Afworki
Ethiopia federal republic GIRMA Woldegiorgis
Gabon Republic El Hadj Omar BONGO Ondimba
Kenya Republic Mwai KIBAKI
Malawi multiparty democracy Bingu wa MUTHARIKA
Republic of the Congo Republic Denis SASSOU-NGUESSO
Rwanda Republic Paul KAGAME
Sao Tome and Principe Republic Fradique DE MENEZES
Somalia no permanent national government; transitional, parliamentary federal government Sheikh SHARIF Sheikh Ahmed
Sudan Government of National Unity Umar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR
Tanzania Republic President Jakaya KIKWETE
Uganda Republic Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI
Zambia Republic President Rupiah BANDA
Angola Republic Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS
Burundi Republic Pierre NKURUNZIZA
Cameroon Republic Paul BIYA
Central African Republic Republic Francois BOZIZE
Democratic Republic of the Congo Republic Joseph KABILA
Djibouti Republic Ismail Omar GUELLEH
Equatorial Guinea Republic Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO
Eritrea transitional gov ISAIAS Afworki
Ethiopia federal republic GIRMA Woldegiorgis
Gabon Republic El Hadj Omar BONGO Ondimba
Kenya Republic Mwai KIBAKI
Malawi multiparty democracy Bingu wa MUTHARIKA
Republic of the Congo Republic Denis SASSOU-NGUESSO
Rwanda Republic Paul KAGAME
Sao Tome and Principe Republic Fradique DE MENEZES
Somalia no permanent national government; transitional, parliamentary federal government Sheikh SHARIF Sheikh Ahmed
Sudan Government of National Unity Umar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR
Tanzania Republic President Jakaya KIKWETE
Uganda Republic Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI
Zambia Republic President Rupiah BANDA
7th Grade 19.1-19.3 Terms Defined
19.1
Tennis Court Oath: third estate declares themselves as the national assembly and invited the other 2 to write laws with them. Under rumours that Louis XVI was going to abolish the national assembly they fled to a nearby tennis court, sworn to never separate, and meet no matter what the place, wouldn’t stop until they had a sound and just constitution.
Louis XVI: King of
July 1789: the beginning of the French Revolution
Cahiers: list of grievances from the 3 estates, and orders of what is to be done by Louis XVI.
Famine: began in 1780, food prices soared, 80% of income went to food. Peasants started attacking nobles demanding bread. Fomented the rebellion.
First Estate: clergy, wealthy and influential, church owned land and collected tithes, and pay no taxes to the French government.
Second Estate: titled nobility, knights had defended the land, feared losing their privileges of not paying taxes.
Third Estate: everybody else, paid taxes, little to no political identity, no means to overturn 2/3rds majority.
Storming of the Bastille: 800 Parisians assembled outside the Bastille, commander refused to open the gates, instead opened fire, Parisians stormed The Bastille.
Bourgeoisie: the middle class, the top of the third estate, people of common birth that had done well for themselves.
Declaration of the Rights of Man: issued by the National Assembly, all men are born and remain free, equal rights under the law.
Deficit Spending: spending more money than you are taking in,
Jacques Necker: chosen by Louis to fix
Courvee: the dues aristocrats collect in order to fix roads and bridges, weren’t performing the task, yet demanded to be paid the bag-logged dues. Peasants revolt.
19.2
Marquis de Lafayette: fought alongside G. Washington in the American Revolution, seen as a hero of the moderates, headed the National Guard, instituted the tri-color badge.
Émigrés: nobles, clergy, etc that had fled
Edmund Burke: defended American Revolution, condemned the French Revolution, “plots and assassinations will be anticipated by preventive murder and preventive assassination.
Factions: various groups with political agendas ranging from loyal to the monarchy to wanting to abolish the monarchy, Royal Troops all the way to the Paris Commune.
Constitution of 1791: set up a limited monarchy, new legislative assembly with the power to tax, make laws, and war powers. Elected by tax paying male citizens, 83 new departments of roughly equal size. 50,000 men were eligible for service of the 27 million population.
National Assembly: August 4th, gave up their noble privileges, gave equality to all citizens, 1790, followed the King to
Jacobins: revolutionary political group, middle class, published literature to advance the republican cause.
Civil Constitution of the Clergy: bishops and priests became elected and salaried officials of France, conservative peasants and the pope rejected it. Paris and the rural peoples disagree over this.
Declaration of Pilnitz: issued by the King of
San-culottes: working class men and women, demanded a republic, not a monarchy, threatened to go violent. Without shorts.
National Guard: largely middle class militia, organized in response to the Royal Guard entering
Women’s March:
Marie Antoniette: married Louis XVI, under attack for her frivolity, advised moderate reforms, but remained a source of scandal, “let them eat cake”.
April 1792: French Revolutionaries and European monarchs go to war,
19.3
Storming of the Tulieres:
National Convention: elected by the radicals, controlled by the Jacobins, legislative body that voted to abolished the monarchy and form a republic. Opened suffrage to all men.
Napoleon Bonaparte: popular military hero, won a series of victories against the Austrians. Politicians planned to use him to advance their own goals. Would come to rule
Women’s Rights: divorce became easier, women could inherit property, all taken back when Napoleon gains power.
Nationalism: a strong feeling of pride and devotion to one’s country.
Olympe de Gouges: journalist, demanded equal rights for women, wrote Declaration of the Rights of Women.
Reign of Terror: July 1793-July 1794, 40,000 people died, 15% nobles and clergy, 15% middle class, the rest were peasants. Many died from false accusations and mistaken identities. Robespierre was the chief architect of Reign of Terror.
Secular: non-religious, France created a non-religious calendar.
Guillotine: meant to be quick and painless way of execution. The primary mode of execution during the French Revolution.
Robespierre: lawyer, politician, rose to power on the committee of public safety. Enemies called him a tyrant. Promoted religious toleration and wanted to abolish slavery.
Committee of Public Safety: created by the convention, 12 members with absolute power, prepared
September Massacres: nobles and clergy are murdered in prison after Tulieres.
Suffrage: voting rights.
Levee en masse: everyone is taxed for the purpose of the war.
La
Tuesday, April 21, 2009
6th Grade 22 and 23 defined
22.1Sahara: the desert that occupies large regions of North Africa, it is the Arabic word for desert, largest desert in the world.Nile River: world’s longest river, empties into the Mediterranean, flows northward through the eastern Sahara, the source of life in Egypt.Sinai Peninsula: East Mediterranean, triangular, North of the Red Sea, Suez Canal runs along its Western edge.ergs: great seas of sand dunes in the Sahara.regs: broad wind swept gravel plains in the Sahara.Ahaggar Mtns: located in the central Sahara, highest peak 9842 ft.Atlas Mtns: lie on the NW side of the Sahara, peak at 13671 ft. depressions: low areas of large dry lake beds in the Sahara.oasis: place in the desert where springs supply water, small shrubs, grasses or trees grow there.silt: finely ground soil found along the Nile River, great for growing.Suez Canal: links the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea, in Egypt.mammal list: gazelles, hyenas, baboons, foxes, and weasels.oil: an important resource in N. Africa.22.23200 BC: Upper and Lower Egyptian Kingdoms unite along the Nile River.pharaohs: Egyptian kings, buried in pyramids and worshipped as divine. hieroglyphics: pictures and symbols that stand for words, ancient Egyptian writing.Alexander the Great: Macedonian King, invaded and conquered Egypt and founded Alexandria.600's AD: Arab armies from SW Asia swept over North Africa.Muslim: predominant faith in N. Africa, set up trade and learning centers.Arabic: major language in Egypt and SW Asia, of Berber origin.1800's: European countries began to colonize North Africa.1912: Europe controls all of N. Africa.1922: Egypt gains limited independence from Great Britain.1950's: Libya, Morocco, and Tunisia become independent.1962: Algeria wins independence from France.1979: Egypt signed a peace treaty with Israel.1976: Morocco takes over former Spanish colony of Western Sahara.Bedouins: majority of Egyptian population, nomadic herders.couscous: small pellets of pasta.harissa: spicy red sauce that is served over couscous.fuul: made from fava beans, mashed with olive oil, served with lemons.Naguib Mahfouz: one of Egypt’s famous writers, first Arab to win Nobel Prize.sinter: 3 stringed instrument that originated in Morocco.22.3fellahin: Egyptian farmers on very small plots of land.Cairo: Egypt’s capital and largest city, founded over 1000 years ago on the Nile River.Alexandria: major seaport, over 4 million people, is on the Nile Delta and has a great many industries.Suez Canal: a source of income for Egypt by cutting the trip around Africa into a narrow strip of water.surface Salt: caused by over-watering, causes salts to come to the surface and damage crops.22.4Maghreb: western nations of N. Africa, Arabic for West or direction of the setting sun.Casbah: an old fortress, winding alleys, tall walls found in N. Africa. Souks: North African marketplaces.free port: where no sales tax is levied, Tangier, Morocco. oil: Libya is dependent on this product for its economic well-being.fertilizer: Morocco is dependent on this product for its economic well-being.food: due to its massive amount of desert, Libya is forced to import this.European Union: N. African has a significant trade relationship with this group.dictator: a person who rules with absolute authority.al-Qaddafi: the current dictator of Libya.
23.1zonal: the climates of West Africa that stretch from East to West in bands.Sahara: largest desert in the world, stretches from the Atlantic to the Red Sea.sahel: south of the Sahara, it is dry grass lands with a steppe climate.harmattan: dry dusty wind that dries south from the Sahara.tsetse fly: a fly in Africa that spreads sleeping sickness.Niger River: the most important W. African River, empties into the Gulf of Guinea.bauxite: key mineral wealth export of West Africa.23.2archaeology: the study of cultures.oral history: spoken word histories passed down.kola: tropical nut used to flavor cola, crop of great currency.800 AD: Ghana becomes rich and powerful.Mansa Musa: king of Mali in the early 1300’s, a wealthy and wise rule that supported the arts.Songhay: 1300’s – 1600’s was a kingdom that took power after the Mali empire declined, established Timbuktu as the center of their empire, Timbuktu was a center of education, eventually fell to Moroccan invasions.1440's: Portuguese began sailing around Africa, named the gold coast for what they brought back.slave trade: a demand for labor in Europe’s American colonies was met by selling enslaved Africans.1800's: slave trade diminishes in W. Africa due to decreased European interest.1820's: Liberia is founded by the United States as a home for freed slaves. 1950's: most of the West Africans begin to gain independence from European nations.1960's: most African nations have gained independence.
1974: Portugal gives up the last W. African colony of Liberia.1996: Chad creates its first democratic constitution.animism: a religion in West Africa that attributes spirits to all natural objects.23.3herd animals: cattle, goats and camels.millet/ sorghum: a grain crop grown in the savannah regions that can survive drought.cotton: Mali’s main export.malaria: a deadly disease spread by mosquitoes, causes death in children.staple crop: a region or country’s major food crop.1950's: Lake Chad shrank to 1/3 of its size.1990's: a Civil War ended in Chad.23.41960's: the Ibos try to break away and form their own nation.secede: to break away from your own country, tried to secede from Nigeria.1970's: a new Nigerian capital was made, Abuja. oil: Nigerians are dependent on oil for their economy, 20% of their GDP, and 65% of their government budget.Wolof: a language spoken by many people in Senegal and The Gambia.griots: West African story tellers that pass down the histories.1980's: a bitter civil war erupts in Liberia.Ivory Coast: Cote D’Ivoire, a former French colony.cacao: a S. American crop that is grown in W. Africa, used to produce chocolate.
23.1zonal: the climates of West Africa that stretch from East to West in bands.Sahara: largest desert in the world, stretches from the Atlantic to the Red Sea.sahel: south of the Sahara, it is dry grass lands with a steppe climate.harmattan: dry dusty wind that dries south from the Sahara.tsetse fly: a fly in Africa that spreads sleeping sickness.Niger River: the most important W. African River, empties into the Gulf of Guinea.bauxite: key mineral wealth export of West Africa.23.2archaeology: the study of cultures.oral history: spoken word histories passed down.kola: tropical nut used to flavor cola, crop of great currency.800 AD: Ghana becomes rich and powerful.Mansa Musa: king of Mali in the early 1300’s, a wealthy and wise rule that supported the arts.Songhay: 1300’s – 1600’s was a kingdom that took power after the Mali empire declined, established Timbuktu as the center of their empire, Timbuktu was a center of education, eventually fell to Moroccan invasions.1440's: Portuguese began sailing around Africa, named the gold coast for what they brought back.slave trade: a demand for labor in Europe’s American colonies was met by selling enslaved Africans.1800's: slave trade diminishes in W. Africa due to decreased European interest.1820's: Liberia is founded by the United States as a home for freed slaves. 1950's: most of the West Africans begin to gain independence from European nations.1960's: most African nations have gained independence.
1974: Portugal gives up the last W. African colony of Liberia.1996: Chad creates its first democratic constitution.animism: a religion in West Africa that attributes spirits to all natural objects.23.3herd animals: cattle, goats and camels.millet/ sorghum: a grain crop grown in the savannah regions that can survive drought.cotton: Mali’s main export.malaria: a deadly disease spread by mosquitoes, causes death in children.staple crop: a region or country’s major food crop.1950's: Lake Chad shrank to 1/3 of its size.1990's: a Civil War ended in Chad.23.41960's: the Ibos try to break away and form their own nation.secede: to break away from your own country, tried to secede from Nigeria.1970's: a new Nigerian capital was made, Abuja. oil: Nigerians are dependent on oil for their economy, 20% of their GDP, and 65% of their government budget.Wolof: a language spoken by many people in Senegal and The Gambia.griots: West African story tellers that pass down the histories.1980's: a bitter civil war erupts in Liberia.Ivory Coast: Cote D’Ivoire, a former French colony.cacao: a S. American crop that is grown in W. Africa, used to produce chocolate.
Thursday, April 16, 2009
6th Grade Chapter 23 Terms
23.1
zonal
Sahara
sahel
harmattan
tsetse fly
Niger River
bauxite
23.2
archaeology
oral history
kola
800 AD
Mansa Musa
Songhay
1440's
slave trade
1800's
1820's
WWII
1950's
1960's
1974
1996
animism
23.3
herd animals
millet
sorghum
cotton
malaria
staple crop
1950's
1990's
23.4
1960's
secede
1970's
oil
Wolof
griots
1980's
Ivory Coast
cacao
zonal
Sahara
sahel
harmattan
tsetse fly
Niger River
bauxite
23.2
archaeology
oral history
kola
800 AD
Mansa Musa
Songhay
1440's
slave trade
1800's
1820's
WWII
1950's
1960's
1974
1996
animism
23.3
herd animals
millet
sorghum
cotton
malaria
staple crop
1950's
1990's
23.4
1960's
secede
1970's
oil
Wolof
griots
1980's
Ivory Coast
cacao
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