Tepuis: plateaus with sandstone that prevents erosion, Guiana Highlands
Cordillera: mountain system made up of parallel ranges, Colombia
Llanos: plains region, E. Colombia, W. Venezuela
Andes: mountains with active volcanoes and earthquakes, W. Coast
5 zones:
tierra caliente: hot country, bananas, sugar, rice, 0-3000ft
tierra templada: coffee, corn, wheat, cotton, potatoes 3000-6000ft
tierra fria: potatoes, wheat, oats, barley, rye 6000-10000ft
paramo: potatoes, grasslands, shrubs, and grazing, 10000-16000ft
tierra helada: snow 16000ft+
Chibcha: native Colombians, developed civilization, fine crafts
El Dorado: comes from Chibcha gold and emerald ritual
Quinine: product from S. American bark that fights Malaria
Cassava: tropical plant, starchy root.
Tejo: ring toss came, Colombia
Columbus 1498: C. Columbus on the Venezuelan coast
Simon Bolivar: S. American revolutionary, fought for independence from Spain
Caudillos: strong men, military leaders of Venezuela
Lake Maracaibo: Caribbean bay, Venezuelan drills for oil
Pardos: people of mixed European, African and S. American decent.
Joropo: couples dance with stomping from Venezuela.
Toros Caleados: Venezuelan rodeo game where you pull a Bull’s tail to the ground
Indentured Servants: Asian workers brought over by Europeans to the Americas.
Pidgin languages: secret languages that combine native dialects.
Amazon River: largest river system in the world, 4000 miles long
Gran Chaco: flat and lowlands plains and plateaus
Pampas: wide grassy plain region in central Argentina
Patagonia: desert region of dry plains, and plateaus in S. Argentina
Tierra del Fuego: wind-swept island in the Southern tips of S. America
Mount Aconcagua: highest peak in the Andes
Parana River System
Estuary: partially enclosed body of water mixing salt and fresh water
Soil Exhaustion: loss of nutrients needed by plants.
Overgrazing: too many animals depending on area.
Tapioca: delicious, made from cassava root
Sugar plantations: replaced forests and slaved worked them, Brazil
Cattle ranches: set up by Portuguese, set up new economies in S. America.
Macumba: combination of Christianity, native and African spirituality.
Carnival: pre-lent, Brazil, festivals and parades.
Vatapa: sea food, sauces, red peppers
Feijoda: stew of black beans and meat.
Manaus: major inland city, Amazon river port and industrial city
Belem: large mining district in Brazil
Salvador: poorest city in N. East Brazil.
Favelas: huge slums in Brazil, often surrounding the city
Encomienda: system in which Spanish colonists worked Indians on their land.
Guachos: Argentine cowboys
Parrallida: Argentinean sausage and steak dish.
Mercosur: trade organization that promotes economic cooperation in Argentina
Landlocked: a nation without natural borders to the sea.
